Thane is a metropolitan city in the Indian state of Maharashtra. Thane City is part of Thane District and is the immediate neighbour of the city of Mumbai. The City is thus fondly known as 'City of Lakes' amongst its residents. A copper plate dating to ad 1078 was discovered near the foundations of Thane Fort in 1787. A land grant from Arikesara Devaraja, lord of Tagara, he addresses the inhabitants of a city called "Sri Sthanaka". In the 14th century, Thane was a major port under a Muslim governor which was celebrated for its production of a cloth known as Tanasi. In 1321, it was the site of the martyrdom of St Thomas of Tolentino and his companions, Franciscans who were executed for blaspheming Muhammad when questioned by the qadi during a domestic abuse case between two local Nestorians. It was also visited during the period by Jordanus (who removed their relics), Odoric of Pordenone (who removed them again), Ibn Battuta, and Abulfeda. The British occupied Salsette Island, Thana Fort, Fort Versova, and the island fort of Karanja in 1774. Thane was the terminus for the first ever passenger train in Asia. On 16 April 1853, the passenger train service was inaugurated between Colaba and Thane. Covering a distance of 34 km (21 mi), it was hauled by three locomotives: Sahib, Sindh and Sultan. Thane is connected with neighbouring suburbs through Central and Trans-Harbour Line Suburban railway network. Thane is a railway junction for the Thane-Vashi Harbour Line and Central Line. It has become the busiest station in Mumbai and one of the busiest in India and handles 6.54 lakh passengers daily. As of 2013, there are plans of extending the Ghatkopar-Mulund Metro line up to Thane. On 26 August 2015, MMRDA sanctions ?35,400 crores for 118 km Mumbai metro network. This includes a 40-km Wadala-Ghatkopar-Thane-Kasarvadavali Metro-4 corridor via Wadala GPO and R.A.Kidwai Marg costing ? 12,000 crore. Thane Skyline: Thane has a tropical monsoon climate that borders on a tropical wet and dry climate. Overall climate is equable with high rainfall days and very few days of extreme temperatures. In Thane, temperature varies from 22 °C to 36 °C. Winter temperatures can fall to 12 °C at night while summer temperatures can rise to over 40 °C at noon. The lowest day time temperatures are witnessed during the peak of summer monsoon in July and August when temperatures can drop to about 25 °C. Out of total rainfall, 80% rainfall is experienced during June to October. Average annual rainfall is 2000–2500 mm and humidity is 61-86%, making it a humid-perhumid zone. Tourism: Thane's lakes include Masunda Lake, also known as Talao Pali, Kachrali Lake, and Upvan Lake. Talao Pali offers boating and water scooter facilities. On the lakefront stands the Gadkari Rangayatan, a drama theatre which is a very popular hub for entertainment. The Kopineshwar Temple on the banks is the oldest temple in the entire district of Thane. It was built and renovated in about 1750 by Chimajji Appa.
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